1.What is the output of the code below ?

<?php 
  $a = array();
  $a[0] = 1;
  unset($a[0]);
  echo ($a != null) ? 'True' : 'False';

True

False

Parse Error

2.What is the output of the code below ?

  
    <?php
    $a = array('one'=>'php', 'two'=>'javascript', 'three'=>'python');
    $b = array('python', 'javascript', 'php');

    if(array_values(array_reverse($a)) === $b)
      echo 'true';
    else
      echo 'false';
  

Fatal error: Can't use function return value in write context

false

true

3.Which of the statements about traits below are true ?

PHP is "single inheritance" so traits allow coders to reuse sets of methods from the trait freely in several independent classes

An inherited member from a base class is overridden by a member inserted by a Trait, but members from the current class override Trait methods.

If two Traits insert a method with the same name in a class that uses them, a fatal error is produced and this naming conflict can not be bypassed

4.What is the best way to store and verify passwords in PHP ?

Using a hashing algorithm like md5 or sha256 and then, when verifying compare the stored hash with the hash of the string submitted by the user

Using the built in password_create() and password_verify() functions in PHP

Using the strongest to date hashing algorithm combined with a salt to avoid dictionary attacks.

5.If you wanted a variable containing the letters A through Z, that allowed you to access each letter independently, which of the following approaches could you use?

$str = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ';

range('A', 'Z');

explode("", "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ");

You would use the ALPHA_ARRAY constant

None of the above

6.Which function would you use to add an element to the beginning of an array?

array_shift()

array_push()

$array[0] = "value";

array_unshift()

array_pop()

7.What is the result of the following code snippet? $array = array('a' => 'John', 'b' => 'Coggeshall', 'c' => array('d' => 'John', 'e' => 'Smith')); function something($array) { extract($array); return $c['e']; } print something($array);

Smith

A PHP Warning

Coggeshall

NULL

Array

8.Which of the following functions are used with the internal array pointer to accomplish an action?

key

forward

prev

current

next

9.The following code snippet displays what for the resultant array? $a = array(1 => 0, 3 => 2, 4 => 6); $b = array(3 => 1, 4 => 3, 6 => 4); print_r(array_intersect($a, $b));

1 => 0

1 => 3, 3 => 1, 4 => 3

3 => 1, 3=> 2, 4 => 3, 4=> 6

1 => 0, 3 => 2, 4 => 6

An empty Array

10.Which of the following tags are an acceptable way to begin a PHP Code block?

<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="php">

<!

<%

<?

11.What is the output of the following? $a = 010; $b = 0xA; $c = 2; print $a + $b + $c;

20

22

$a is an invalid value

2

12.What is the best way to ensure that a user-defined function is always passed an object as its single parameter?

function myfunction(stdClass $a)

function myfunction($a = stdClass)

Use is_object() within the function

There is no way to ensure the parameter will be an object.

function myfunction(Object $a)

13.What is the difference between the ``include`` and ``require`` language constructs?

Require constructs can't be used with URL filenames

Include constructs cause a fatal error if the file doesn't exist

There is no difference other than the name

Include constructs are processed at run time; require constructs are processed at compile time

Require constructs cause a fatal error if the file can't be read

14.How does one access standard input/output and error streams in PHP 5?

STDIN, STDOUT and STDERR constants

Use stdin(), stdout() and stderr() functions

PHP::STDIN, PHP::STDOUT and PHP::STDERR class constants

Use PHP::stdin(), PHP::stdout() and PHP::stderr() class functions

15.What are the three access modifiers that you can use in PHP objects?

protected

public

static

private

final

16.In PHP 5 you can use the ______ operator to ensure that an object is of a particular type. You can also use _______ in the function declaration.

instanceof, is_a

instanceof, type-hinting

type, instanceof

===, type-hinting

===, is_a

17.How can you modify the copy of an object during a clone operation?

Put the logic in the object's constructor to alter the values

Implment your own function to do object copying

Implement the object's __clone() method

Implement __get() and __set() methods with the correct logic

Implement the __copy() method with the correct logic

18.What is the output of the following script? class ClassOne { protected $a = 10; public function changeValue($b) { $this->a = $b; } } class ClassTwo extends ClassOne { protected $b = 10; public function changeValue($b) { $this->b = 10; parent::changeValue($this->a + $this->b); } public function displayValues() { print "a: {$this->a}, b: {$this->b}\n"; } } $obj = new ClassTwo(); $obj->changeValue(20); $obj->changeValue(10); $obj->displayValues();

a: 30, b: 30

a: 30, b: 20

a: 30, b: 10

a: 20, b: 20

a: 10, b: 10

19.What three special methods can be used to perform special logic in the event a particular accessed method or member variable is not found?

__get($variable)

__call($method, $params)

__destruct()

__set($variable, $value)

__call($method)

20.The _______ method will be called automatically when an object is represented as a string.

getString()

__get()

__value()

__toString()

__getString()

21.Which php.ini directive should be disabled to prevent the execution of a remote PHP script via an include or require construct?

You cannot disable remote PHP script execution

curl.enabled

allow_remote_url

allow_url_fopen

allow_require

22.Which of the following php.ini directives should be disabled to improve the outward security of your application?

safe_mode

magic_quotes_gpc

register_globals

display_errors

allow_url_fopen

23.Consider the following code: session_start(); if(!empty($_REQUEST['id']) && !empty($_REQUEST['quantity'])) { $id = scrub_id($_REQUEST['id']); $quantity = scrub_quantity($_REQUEST['quantity']) $_SESSION['cart'][] = array('id' => $id, 'quantity' => $quantity) } /* .... */ What potential security hole would this code snippet produce?

Cross-Site Scripting Attack

There is no security hole in this code

Code Injection

SQL Injection

Cross-Site Request Forgery

24.What is the best measure one can take to prevent a cross-site request forgery?

Disallow requests from outside hosts

Add a secret token to all form submissions

Turn off allow_url_fopen in php.ini

Filter all output

Filter all input

25.Which function is best suited for removing markup tags from a string?

strip_markup

strip_tags

str_replace

preg_replace

preg_strip

26.Which string does the following PCRE regular expression match? $regex = "/^([a-z]{5})[1-5]+([a-z]+)/";

Hello34262343goodbye'

frank12345abc

hello34212343goodbye

abcdefghi12345abc

None of the above

27.If you would like to store your session in the database, you would do which of the following?

It requires a custom PHP extension to change the session handler

Implement the session_set_save_handler() function

Create functions for each session handling step and use session_set_save_handler() to override PHP's internal settings

Configure the session.save_handler INI directive to your session class

28.Consider the following HTML fragment: <select name="???????" multiple> <option value="1">Item #1</option> <!-- ... more options ... --> </select> Which of the following name attributes should be used to capture all of the data from the user in PHP?

myselectbox=array()

myselectbox[]

myselectbox['multiple']

myselectbox{'multiple'}

myselectbox

29.How does one create a cookie which will exist only until the browser session is terminated?

You cannot create cookies that expire when the browser session is terminated

Setting the expiration time for a cookie to a time in the distant future

Do not provide a cookie expiration time

Enable Cookie Security

Set a cookie without a domain

30.Which functions would be needed to translate the following string: I love PHP 5 to the following? 5 PHP EVOL I

mirror()

strtoupper()

toupper()

str_reverse()

strrev()